Lebanon announced on November 15, 2025, that it will lodge an urgent complaint with the United Nations Security Council against Israel for erecting a concrete wall along the southern border that allegedly crosses the UN-demarcated “Blue Line,” the unofficial boundary separating Lebanon from Israel and the Israeli-occupied Golan Heights. The Blue Line was established in 2000 following Israel’s withdrawal from southern Lebanon, serving as a reference for compliance with UN Security Council Resolution 1701, which aims to maintain peace and Lebanese sovereignty in the region. The decision came after the United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon (UNIFIL), the peacekeeping mission deployed since 1978 with over 10,000 troops, conducted geospatial surveys in October revealing that sections of the Israeli Defense Forces (IDF)-built T-wall southwest and southeast of the village of Yaroun extend beyond the Blue Line. This construction has rendered more than 4,000 square meters (approximately one acre) of Lebanese land inaccessible to local residents, exacerbating tensions in an area already scarred by over a year of cross-border hostilities. UN Secretary-General’s spokesperson Stéphane Dujarric confirmed on November 14 that the barrier violates Resolution 1701, which ended the 2006 Israel-Hezbollah war and prohibits unauthorized military presence south of the Litani River. UNIFIL has formally requested Israel to dismantle or relocate the wall, but no action has been taken. Lebanese President Joseph Aoun instructed Foreign Minister Abdallah Bou Habib to prepare the complaint, emphasizing that the ongoing work constitutes “an infringement on Lebanon’s sovereignty and territorial integrity.” This follows a fragile ceasefire in November 2024 that halted 14 months of escalating conflict, including a full-scale war in September-October 2024 between Israel and Hezbollah, which claimed over 4,000 Lebanese lives and displaced hundreds of thousands. Despite the truce, Israel has retained forces in five strategic southern positions and resumed border fortifications, citing security needs amid Hezbollah’s lingering influence. An IDF spokesperson denied any violation on November 14, stating the wall is part of a broader 2022-initiated reinforcement plan for Israel’s northern border, informed by wartime lessons. “The structure does not cross the Blue Line and remains fully within Israeli territory,” the spokesperson asserted, framing it as essential for enhancing physical barriers against threats. The project includes new army posts and has drawn criticism from human rights groups for potentially enabling de facto annexation. This dispute underscores persistent fragility in the ceasefire, with UNIFIL reporting near-daily Israeli strikes—over 300 since November 2024, killing more than 100 civilians—and recent incidents of IDF fire on peacekeepers. Analysts warn that without swift UN intervention, the wall could inflame renewed hostilities, complicating Lebanon’s economic recovery and reconstruction efforts in the war-torn south. The complaint, backed by UN reports, seeks condemnation and enforcement of Resolution 1701 to restore access and prevent further encroachments